Akhism Culture in Albania and Its Place in Social Life

Abstract

Akhism, as a religious and social organization, began to appear in Anatolia in 13th century. After a while, it played an important role in the establishment of the Ottoman Empire. It also became an important element in the structure and development of the society from economic, social, political, and religious aspects in the land conquered by the Ottomans. Generally called "craftsmen" in Albanian sources, akhis had an order and structure in itself. In this article, the position of Akhism and akhis, which play an important role in the development of crafts and add value to the Albanian community will be examined. Firstly, the structure of Albanian cities between 15th and 18th centuries will be portrayed. Secondly, "guild" management and internal structure of akhis will be discussed. Finally, reduction and disappearance of craftsmen's impact on the society in 19th and 20th centuries will be mentioned.